![]() To capture other interesting features, we also created two more seeding locations centered at (70,50,0) for the left wing and (70,-50,0) for the right wing. These two points capture the significant vortices. Further, at these two seeding locations we used a radius of 12 and seeded 30 points. The first set is centered at (40,20,0) for the vortices along the left wing and the other center is at (40,-20,0) capturing the right wing vortices. We initially used four primary seeding locations. We also selected some seeding locations to capture other interesting features (i.e., recirculation bubble). From this technique we observe where each of the primary, secondary and tertiary vortices initially arise and use this intuition for seeding. We chose the seeding locations from using the information discovered by visualizing the vector field using glyphs where we slide a cutting plane across the x-axis. How are the seeding locations chosen and how do they relate to the observations made using glyphs with cutting planes? The velocity magnitude of the rendered primitives is color coded. We use streamlines, stream tubes, and stream surfaces to capture the flow around the vortices on each side of the wing. Part 2: Streamlines, Stream Tubes, and Stream Surfaces The cones in this case only provides the direction of the flow. The cylinders provide a unique effect as we clearly see them bend around one another with the flow whereas this effect is slightly less pronounce using arrows. In the visualizations below (from left-to-right: arrow, cones, cylinders), we appropriately capture the formations using arrows and cylinders. This sampled plane position provides insight into the formation of the first vortices. We chose to sample the velocity field at location (40,0,0). Part 1.4.1: Glyph Comparision: (40,0,0) Sampled Plane Position We provide a detailed comparison below and discuss further the utility of the sampled plane locations. However, when combined to form arrows, then both the direction and context of the flow is captured. However, the cylinders show the context as they bend with the flow whereas the cones fail to show the context. The cones only show the direction whereas the cylinders sometimes fail to show the direction of the flow. The arrow glyphs are the most suitable as the direction and context is captured. Furthermore, as we increasingly slide the plane, the spirals of the vortices also increases. We found locations such as (40,0,0) corresponds to the vortices formations as shown above. The plane locations were chosen by first finding an appropriate view of the vortices and then sliding the plane along the x-axis and identifying interesting features in the process. How did we choose the plane locations and what observations led to that decision. ![]() Part 1.4: Glyph Comparison: Cones, Cylinders, Arrows The four images below are rendered at location (40,0,0). However, we have also found the locations (30,0,0), (200,0,0), (300,0,0), (110,0,0) to be interesting and include renderings of these features as well. Among those we found the three locations (40,0,0), (70,0,0), (150,0,0) to be the most interesting. We tried positioning the plane in various locations. The color transfer function is used in the other visualizations as well. We also scale the glyphs by the magnitude. We use a cutting plane orthogonal to the x-axis and position it at three different locations. ![]() The first task is to visualize the velocity of the flow using glyphs (cones, cylinders, and arrows). Part 1: Glyphs for Visualizing the Vector Field Finally, we visualize the recirculation bubble by applying stream surfaces. In the next part, we apply isosurfacing along with streamlines in order to capture interesting properties. We then visualize the flow using streamlines, stream tubes, and stream surfaces. In this work, we apply glyphs (cones, cylinders, and arrows) at three different locations to visualize the vector field. The flight configuration induces vortex breakdown where the symmetric vortices lose their simple structure and give rise to flow recirculation bubbles. The flow structures include primary, secondary, tertiary vortices (on each side of the wing). The task is to visualize the flow around the delta wing using the velocity (vector) information along with the lambda2 information.
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